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The factors that affect enzyme catalysis (that is, enzyme activity) will definitely affect the rate of enzymatic reactions, but the factors that affect the rate of enzymatic reactions do not necessarily affect the catalysis. pH, temperature, ultraviolet light, heavy metal salts, inhibitors, activators, etc. will affect the catalysis and the rate of enzymatic reactions. The concentration of the enzyme, the concentration of the substrate, etc. will not affect the enzyme catalysis, but can affect the rate of the enzymatic reaction. Factors affecting enzyme catalysis are:

Effect of temperature on enzyme activity
Temperature has a great influence on the speed of enzymatic reaction, and it has a dual effect:

As with non-enzymatic chemical reactions, when the temperature rises, the number of activated molecules increases, and the enzymatic reaction speeds up. For many enzymes, the temperature coefficient Q10 is mostly 1 to 2, which means that every time the reaction temperature is increased by 10°C, the enzyme reaction speed increases by 1 to 2 times.

Since the enzyme is a protein, the enzyme gradually denatures as the temperature rises, that is, the reaction speed of the enzyme is reduced by the decrease of the enzyme activity. Use temperature (T) as the abscissa and enzymatic reaction speed (V) as the ordinate to draw the graph, and the resulting curve is a slightly inclined bell jar shape.

The temperature corresponding to the peak of the curve is called the optimum temperature. The optimum temperature is the result of the double influence of the above temperature on the enzyme reaction. When the temperature is lower than the optimum temperature, the former effect is dominant; when the temperature is higher than the optimum temperature, the latter effect is dominant, so the enzyme activity is quickly lost and the reaction speed drops quickly.

Effect of pH on enzyme activity
The reason why pH affects the speed of enzymatic reaction:

Over-acid or over-alkali environments will affect the conformation of the enzyme protein and denature and inactivate the enzyme itself.

pH affects the dissociation of the polar groups on the side chain of the enzyme molecule, changing their charged state, and changing the structure of the active center of the enzyme. At the optimum pH, the dissociation state of the related groups on the active center of the enzyme molecule is most suitable for binding to the substrate. When the pH is higher or lower than the optimum pH, the dissociation state of the related groups on the active center changes, and the binding force between the enzyme and the substrate decreases, and the enzyme reaction speed decreases.

pH can affect the dissociation of substrate molecules. It is conceivable that certain groups on the substrate molecule are only suitable for binding and reacting with the enzyme under a certain dissociation state. If the change of pH affects the dissociation of these groups, making them unsuitable for binding with enzymes, the reaction speed will also slow down.

Enzyme concentration
In the case of sufficient substrate and not affected by other factors, the enzymatic reaction rate is directly proportional to the enzyme concentration. When the concentration of substrate molecules is sufficient, the more enzyme molecules, the faster the substrate conversion rate. But in fact, when the enzyme concentration is high, this relationship is not maintained, and the curve gradually tends to be flat. According to analysis, this may be caused by the high concentration of substrate entrained with many inhibitors.

When the temperature and pH of the enzymatic reaction system remain unchanged, and the substrate concentration is large enough to saturate the enzyme, the reaction speed is proportional to the enzyme concentration. Because in the enzymatic reaction, the enzyme molecule first interacts with the substrate molecule to generate an activated intermediate product (or activation complex), which is then transformed into the final product. In the case of sufficient substrate excess, it is conceivable that the greater the number of enzymes, the more intermediate products will be produced and the faster the reaction rate will be. On the contrary, if the substrate is insufficient in the reaction system and the enzyme molecules are excessive, the existing enzyme molecules have not yet played a role, and the number of intermediate products is less than the number of free enzyme molecules. In this case, increasing the enzyme concentration will not increase the speed of the enzymatic reaction.

Substrate concentration
In the biochemical reaction, if the concentration of the enzyme is a constant value and the initial concentration of the substrate is low, the enzymatic reaction speed is proportional to the substrate concentration, that is, it increases with the increase of the substrate concentration. When all the enzymes are combined with the substrate to form an intermediate product, even if the substrate concentration is increased, the intermediate product concentration will not increase, and the enzymatic reaction speed will not increase.

It can also be concluded that under the same conditions of the substrate concentration, the enzymatic reaction rate is directly proportional to the initial concentration of the enzyme. The greater the initial concentration of the enzyme, the greater the enzymatic reaction rate.

They are administered orally by mouth and excreted from the body with the help of the kidney. The medication has a pronounced effect in curing panic disorder and a movement disorder called akathisia.

It is ranked high in the list of products used as antiepileptic and anticonvulsants. It works by producing a calming effect on the body through the central nervous system, that is, brain and nerve cells buy Clonazepam online is known as Join or benzos on the street.

BUY KLONOPIN ONLINE

The patient can buy Klonopin online of strength 1 mg and 2 mg at various websites of different pharmacies after comparing the price of packaging for different brands. The safe and secure delivery by these pharmacies are done to your home.

But while doing online purchasing for medication, one should keep in mind some points to avoid getting duplicate products.

Firstly, you should check the registration status of the website from which you are ordering the product. At the time of delivery, do not accept the product if the seal is broken.

SIDE EFFECTS

Although Klonopin is used to cure various disorders related to the brain, still it is harmful in some patients due to the side effect it produces after its intake.

The most common side effect noted in the patients using Klonopin is drowsiness and dizziness after the use of the pill. buy Clonazepam 2mg online is useful to reduce anxiety, but it brings some other problems associated with it like muscle or joint pain, memory loss, blurred vision, changes in sex drive.

The use of Klonopin affects the digestive system very frequently, leading to increased salivation and urination. It is best to use Klonopin after consulting a doctor.

SUMMARY

Klonopin is not a primary medication, but it is used as an anti-anxiety drug to treat bipolar disorders, panic issues, and a specific type of seizures. Although it is a safe drug, it should be used in the proper dose and at the right time, as it can make the person addicted to it. So, the patients having any history of dependence on any drug should use clonazepam 2mg price after consulting a doctor.

Despite the rising number of cesarean sections, people still believe in a lot of misinformation and facts around this surgical procedure. C-section was found in the 1600s as the alternative way to vaginal delivery. The procedure has developed a lot over the past few decades. Today, delivery through cesarean section is considered safe. In some cases, a cesarean is the only way to deliver a baby due to the complications involved in the vaginal childbirth method.

C-sections are very common in women who have had a baby delivered through cesarean before. But, a doctor might also recommend this invasive delivery method if there is any abnormality spotted in the ultrasound reports. It is also common in cases where the size of the baby is too large or there is a placenta previa.

For most patients, the doctors at the maternity hospital in Thane, expect natural deliveries. However, a c-section might be needed at the last minute, i.e., if the baby is lying in complex positions or the patient isn’t getting the labor. Doctors can’t really tell whether you will need a c-section until you get the labor. The delivery procedure depends on how well you are progressing in labor, the position of the baby, and other factors. In some cases, a cesarean is the safest delivery method.

Are You Put to Sleep for C-Section?
You are given regional anesthesia, which is used to numb a specific part of your body where the operation is performed. In a c-section, anesthesia is used to numb your whole belly. Doctors do not put the patient to sleep, as they want the mother to see how their child is born and connect with the baby after birth. The effect of regional anesthesia lasts for 2-4 hours. The numbing medication is injected into your body either through a spinal or epidural catheter.

So, in most cases, you are not given general anesthesia. However, it may be necessary if your platelet count is too low or the surgery is performed as an emergency.

Can You Have Multiple C-sections?
There are women who undergo 3-4 c-sections and those who have a single c-section delivery. So, there is no specific limit as to how many cesareans you can have. It varies from person to person and the complications in your pregnancy. However, repeat c-sections do involve a certain level of increased risk. It may increase the risk of uterine scarring, bowel injuries, bleeding, and other complications.

Will You Feel Anything During the C-section?
You are delivering a baby, so it goes without saying that you will feel some tugging or a little pressure around your belly. However, a vast majority of patients do not feel pain or any sensation during the procedure. Some women might experience nausea or vomiting, which is absolutely normal. These mainly occur due to the medications you are given during the c-section or from low blood pressure.

Can You Make Skin Contact with the Baby after a Section?
Most women are scared to undergo cesarean delivery, not because of the cuts and scars, but they believe they can’t make skin contact with the baby after a c-section. Fortunately, it is only a misconception.

Yes, you get incisions on your belly and that portion of your body will be tender for a few days. It may take you some time to find a comfortable position to hold a baby, but there is absolutely no reason why you can’t make skin-to-skin contact with the newborn. Hold the baby carefully and don’t put any unnecessary strain on the scar, and you will be fine!

Can You Breastfeed after Cesarean?
Whether you’d like to breastfeed the baby or bottlefeed is totally up to you. Note that the method of delivery has nothing to do with your ability to breastfeed the newborns. In fact, most mothers start breastfeeding right after birth. In some cases, women wait to start breastfeeding after cesarean. However, a c-section will not impact your ability to breastfeed. So, you can rest easy knowing that you can breastfeed your child for as long as you want after birth through cesarean.

How Long Do You Have to Wait to Conceive after a C-section?
How soon you want to conceive after a c-section is your decision, but doctors recommend you wait for at least 6-12 months before planning another child. The doctor will check your medical history and the possible complications in pregnancy when giving you advice for the next pregnancy. It’s better to take some time, as it gives enough time for your scar to heal and makes you strong enough to conceive.

C-section has nothing to do with your ability to conceive. In fact, any delivery method will have no impact on your next pregnancy. If you are facing any difficulty in conceiving, call an infertility specialist in Thane for treatment options.

Can You Have a Vaginal Birth After C-Section?
One of the common myths surrounding c-section delivery is that you can’t have a vaginal birth if you have delivered a baby through a surgical procedure before. Contrary to popular beliefs, it is possible to have a vaginal delivery in patients with a c-section history. However, it primarily depends on your past history and your current health. It’s always important to check with your gynaecologist if and how you can.

Conclusion

There are many myths and facts surrounding c-section. Will I be able to conceive after a cesarean? Can I breastfeed? How long until I recover fully? You can get answers to all your questions from your doctor. They will explain everything about c-section, the risks involved, and the recovery period. It’s better to talk to a specialist than believe the rumors you hear from people.